Effect of hyperbranched poly(citric polyethylene glycol) with various polyethylene glycol chain lengths on starch plasticization and retrogradation

A series of hyperbranched poly(citric polyethylene glycol) (PCPEG) materials with varied polyethylene glycol (PEG) chain lengths as plasticizers were mixed with maize starch (MS) via cooking and film‐forming. The structure, pasting property, plasticization, aging property, moisture absorption and compatibility of plasticized starches were studied by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, rapid viscosity analysis, tension testing, moisture absorption measurements and scanning electron microscopy. Compared with PEG and citric acid, PCPEG was more effective in promoting starch chain movement and inhibiting the retrogradation of starch film. Also, PCPEG/MS had smaller moisture content. The longer the plasticizer chain, the better were the aging resistance and moisture resistance of starch. But with an increase of PEG chain length, mechanical properties of PCPEG/MS deteriorated and the compatibility between PCPEG and MS decreased. The hyperbranched derivative of PEG with longer chain exhibited improved plasticization and compatibility with starch. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry     

发夹式换热器管束流致振动数值模拟研究

运用计算流体力学方法,采用ANSYS CFX软件对发夹式换热器的壳侧流场进行了三维数值模拟。流场计算中采用多孔介质模型对管束区域进行简化,分析了壳侧流场的速度分布,结果表明:直管段部分的流体湍流强度大于弯管段,且外层管束所在区域为高流速区,受流体冲刷严重。结合流场信息,通过功率谱生成随机激振力,采用ABAQUS软件模拟计算了湍流激振下管束的振动响应,结果显示管束的面外均方根位移远大于面内位移,且弯管部分的振动位移最大。该研究结果可为发夹式换热器的性能分析和优化设计提供参考和依据。     

Preparation and flocculation properties of biodegradable konjac glucomannan-grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride)

Polymer Bulletin - Preparation of konjac glucomannan-grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (KGM-g-PTMAAC) was carried out using KGM as polysaccharide matrix and TMAAC as cationic...     

超快激光在纳米溶液中的超连续光丝光谱技术

为了产生宽谱带超连续白光光谱，将飞秒激光聚焦到纳米溶液中形成光丝，最终产生出400～950 nm的超连续白光光谱。采用集成CCD的显微镜装置对伴随光丝的气泡进行拍摄，并研究了气泡定向运动的规律。计算表明，气泡的运动速度可以达到0.16 m/s，这表明水流也可以达到相应的速度。这种由光丝导致的高速水流，可对微流控技术的研究起到积极的作用。     

上游泵送机械密封多目标多工况优化研究

为了获得具有较强适应工况变化能力的上游泵送机械密封,以微间隙内流场的CFD计算为基础,建立涉及多工况的多目标优化数学模型,综合分析相关研究成果和密封特性确定了优化变量及其取值范围、工况参数取值范围和优化目标。应用模糊集理论确定不同工况下的液膜刚度和泄漏量的权重因子,并研究人工神经网络模型对优化结果的影响。基于穷尽搜索法和遗传算法对密封进行优化设计,对比分析2种优化方法得到的优化结果,并对优化前后的密封润滑膜流场特性进行BVF诊断分析。优化研究表明:人工神经网络模型很好地拟合了液膜刚度、泄漏量随槽型参数变化的函数关系;2种优化方法都能提高密封性能,但遗传算法优化比穷尽搜索法优化能获得更好的优化结果。     

模块化微反应系统内溴化间甲基苯甲醚连续合成

根据微化工技术发展的主要趋势，针对4-溴-3-甲基苯甲醚间歇非均相合成技术存在的问题，以微筛孔反应器与玻璃微珠填充床为核心功能微设备单元构建了模块化微反应系统，并在此模块化微反应系统内对液-液非均相连续溴化合成4-溴-3-甲基苯甲醚开展研究。通过优化操作条件，在溴浓度(x_{\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{r}}_{\mathrm{2}}})为17.5%（质量分数）、溴与间甲基苯甲醚摩尔比(n_{\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{r}}_{\mathrm{2}}}/n_M)为1.01、反应起始温度(T)为 0℃、停留时间为0.78 min条件下，4-溴-3-甲基苯甲醚的收率大于98%，多溴代副产物的含量仅为1%。与传统间歇溴化反应相比，模块化微反应系统内连续溴化反应具有十分明显的优势：可将间歇过程连续化，在保证安全的基础上极大地提升了反应的效率（时空收率为6.5×10⁴ kg/(m³·h)）；另外，该过程是由传质控制的，微反应器的传质性能优异，可极大地改善产品的选择性（多溴代副产物的量减少50%）。该研究为4-溴-3-甲基苯甲醚的连续高效安全合成提供了技术和设备依据。     

Research on key technologies of fault diagnosis and early warning for high-end equipment based on intelligent manufacturing and Internet of Things

The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology - Firstly, based on the research of intelligent manufacturing, the thesis analyses the birth and development goals of the Internet of...     

后纵臂的断裂原因分析

汽车在试验场行驶21 000 km后发现后纵臂断裂，该类后纵臂曾多次发生断裂故障。后纵臂在使用过程中受拉、压、扭等复杂载荷。通过对后纵臂进行外观观察，对其断口进行宏、微观观察，并对后纵臂进行金相组织检查、硬度检查及有限元模拟，确认后纵臂的失效性质，并分析其断裂原因。结果表明:后纵臂的失效性质为疲劳断裂；后纵臂的断裂过程为:在压应力作用下后纵臂中间安装孔处首先发生失稳变形，当后纵臂再次受拉时最大应力转移到中间安装孔处，在交变载荷的作用下发生疲劳开裂。适当增加后纵臂的厚度以提高其刚度，厚度增加后的后纵臂未再发生过类似的断裂故障。     

Embedded Metal Oxide Plasmonics Using Local Plasma Oxidation of AZO for Planar Metasurfaces

New methods for achieving high-quality conducting oxide metasurfaces are of great importance for a range of emerging applications from infrared thermal control coatings to epsilon-near-zero nonlinear optics. This work demonstrates the viability of plasma patterning as a technique to selectively and locally modulate the carrier density in planar Al-doped ZnO (AZO) metasurfaces without any associated topographical surface profile. This technique stands in strong contrast to conventional physical patterning which results in nonplanar textured surfaces. The approach can open up a new route to form novel photonic devices with planar metasurfaces, for example, antireflective coatings and multi-layer devices. To demonstrate the performance of the carrier-modulated AZO metasurfaces, two types of devices are realized using the demonstrated plasma patterning. A metasurface optical solar reflector is shown to produce infrared emissivity equivalent to a conventional etched design. Second, a multiband metasurface is achieved by integrating a Au visible-range metasurface on top of the planar AZO infrared metasurface. Independent control of spectral bands without significant cross-talk between infrared and visible functionalities is achieved. Local carrier tuning of conducting oxide films offers a conceptually new approach for oxide-based photonics and nanoelectronics and opens up new routes for integrated planar metasurfaces in optical technology.